10-question Solutions Architect diagnostic

Design High-Performing Architectures

A financial application generates 200,000 small sequential writes per second to a single EBS gp3 volume attached to an EC2 instance. The volume is provisioned at 16,000 IOPS and 1,000 MB/s throughput, but CloudWatch shows the write latency is 10–15 ms and throughput is only 150 MB/s. What is the most likely bottleneck and remedy?

• AThe volume IOPS are exhausted; migrate to an io2 Block Express volume with higher IOPS
• BThe EC2 instance EBS bandwidth limit is being hit; move to a larger EBS-optimized instance type with higher bandwidth
• CThe application is I/O queue depth-limited; increase the Linux I/O scheduler queue depth and use an instance with sufficient EBS bandwidth
• DThe volume throughput limit is exhausted; increase gp3 provisioned throughput to 1,000 MB/s